How do I check if a VIN is valid?

The check digit in position 9 is derived from the other 16 characters by a weighted sum modulo 11. If it doesn't match, the VIN is mistyped or invented. This decoder verifies it for you.

How do I read the model year from a VIN?

Position 10 carries a rolling code: A–Y (skipping I, O, Q, U and Z) covers 1980–2000, digits 1–9 cover 2001–2009, then the letters restart at A for 2010. The cycle repeats every 30 years, so context resolves the ambiguity.

Why are I, O and Q excluded?

To avoid confusion with the digits 1 and 0 when a VIN is read or typed by hand. Seeing any of them means the VIN is wrong.

Does the VIN reveal the vehicle's history?

No. The VIN identifies the vehicle; history — accidents, ownership, mileage — lives in registry and insurance databases that must be queried separately.

VIN Decoder

Decode a Vehicle Identification Number's manufacturer, year and check digit.

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RAW INPUT

DECODED

Output appears here as you type — decoded on your device.

Input is processed on your device. Nothing you paste is sent anywhere.

What is the VIN Decoder?

A VIN decoder breaks a 17-character Vehicle Identification Number into its three sections — the World Manufacturer Identifier, the vehicle descriptor and the serial section — revealing who built the vehicle, where, and in which model year.

Since 1981 every road vehicle carries a 17-character VIN with a fixed structure. Characters 1–3 are the World Manufacturer Identifier: the first indicates the region (1, 4 and 5 are the USA, 2 Canada, 3 Mexico, J Japan, K Korea, S the UK, W Germany, Y Sweden), and the next two identify the manufacturer and vehicle type. Characters 4–8 describe the model, body, engine and restraint system in a manufacturer-defined scheme.

Character 9 is the check digit, computed by a weighted sum across the whole VIN — the arithmetic that makes a mistyped or invented VIN detectable. Character 10 is the model year, using a rolling alphanumeric code (A = 1980, Y = 2000, 1 = 2001, A again = 2010, and so on), and character 11 is the assembly plant. The last six are the sequential serial number.

The letters I, O and Q never appear anywhere in a VIN, precisely so they can't be confused with 1 and 0 — a useful first sanity check on any VIN someone has typed by hand.

VIN Decoder at a glance

Length: 17 characters, standardised since 1981
Excluded letters: I, O and Q are never used
Position 9: Check digit — weighted modulo-11 sum
Position 10: Model year code (rolling 30-year cycle)

How to use the VIN Decoder

1Enter the 17-character VIN from the dashboard plate, door jamb or registration document.
2Read the decoded WMI, model year and assembly plant.
3Confirm the check digit validates — a failure means a typo or a fabricated number.

When you would reach for it

Verifying a VIN on a used-car listing before arranging a viewing.
Confirming the model year and plant of a vehicle from paperwork alone.
Catching transcription errors in fleet or insurance records.

VIN Decoder — frequently asked questions

Last reviewed 25 July 2026 · questions or corrections: contact@decoder.tools